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| Interventional neuroradiology ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Neurointerventional surgery
Endovascular surgical neuroradiology (ESN), originally known as interventional neuroradiology or neurointerventional radiology, is an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accredited medical subspecialty specializing in minimally invasive image-based technologies and procedures used in diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the head, neck, and spine. While ESN programs can be ACGME accredited, fewer than five programs in the U.S. are accredited. The number of physicians in the United States with an active interest and special competency in this field is estimated to be around 600.
== History ==
The technique that constitutes the basis for angiographic neurointerventions, and thus, interventional neuroradiology, was first developed in 1927 by the Portuguese physician Egas Moniz at the University of Lisbon to provide contrasted x-ray angiography in order to diagnose several kinds of nervous diseases, such as tumors, coronary heart disease and arteriovenous malformations. He is usually recognized as one of the pioneers in this field. Moniz performed the first cerebral angiogram in Lisbon in 1927.
Traditionally spearheaded by neuroradiologists, the subspecialty has more recently attracted the attention of neurosurgeons and, to a lesser extent, neurologists. These changes in practitioner demographics have been recognized by formally changing the name of the specialty from interventional neuroradiology (INR) to endovascular surgical neuroradiology (ESN). In addition, the governing body of this specialty, which used to be known as the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology (ASITN), changed its name to the Society of Neurointerventional Surgery (SNIS). Practitioners from each specialty are generally regarded to bring a distinct set of skills to the practice of ESN; for instance, in general, interventional neuroradiologists are regarded to bring broad angiographic and endovascular experience from non-neurological domains as well as special expertise in image interpretation that underlies image-guided specialties such as ESN, whereas in general, neurosurgeons are regarded to bring a special understanding of and ability to implement conventional surgical alternatives to endovascular treatments for conditions such as intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations that can be treated by either (or both) approaches.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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